Monday, June 6, 2016

DEBORAH AND BARAK (2)

 

JUDGES 4:12-24

New International Version (NIV)


RECAP: The story has four episodes:


Deborah is 'bee' in Hebrew. It also means 'spirited or fiery woman'. When attacked, Deborah could sting like a bee.

Barak means 'lightning' - perhaps an ironic pun on Barak’s reluctance to go to battle, and the terrible storm that God sent to help him.

Sisera is not a Semitic name. He may have been one of the Sea Peoples, skilled in military matters and feared wherever they went.

Jael means 'wild gazelle' or 'wild goat', a suitable name for a woman from a nomadic tribe.

1. Deborah, a judge of Israel, summoned Barak (Judges 4:1-11, 5:1-18). Deborah was a prophetess, a speaker of wisdom, but when war came she led the out-numbered and badly-equipped Israelite troops to a great victory. It was a David and Goliath situation. She chose the most able military general and told him what he must do.

 2. The battle, then Sisera fled (Judges 4:12-16, 5: 19-23).
Deborah tricked the over-confident enemy into driving their iron-wheeled chariots onto marshy land where they were bogged down. Then the Israelite slingsmen and archers picked them off one by one. The enemy forces were routed, their troops slaughtered, and the Israelites were jubilant. Sisera, the enemy general, fled from the battlefield towards the encampment of Jael the Kenite.A Sumerian chariot from the Royal Standard of Ur; with protective shields for the driver, heavy wheels and battle equipment, the chariot was extremely heavy

3. Jael met Sisera and killed him (Judges 4:17-24, 5:24-27).
Another woman, Jael, used a tent peg and mallet to kill the unwary enemy general, Sisera. She called Sisera into her tent, hid him and fed him. After he fell into exhausted sleep she drove a tent peg through the side of his head. She was hailed as a national heroine by the pursuing Israelite forces led by Deborah and Barak.

4. The mother of Sisera (Judge 5:28-30).  Sisera’s mother and her attendants waited for her son to return. But as the reader knows, he was already dead by Jael’s hand.

RESUME: Judges 4:17 states that there was peace between the Canaanites and Heber's clan. They were familiar to the Israelites through the connection of Jethro to Moses, and their skill as metalworkers was welcomed wherever they camped.

Both sides in the conflict would have considered the Kenites a neutral party. C.E. Schenk notes that Sisera was Jael's guest, "was in the sanctuary of her home, and protected by the laws of hospitality." According to Herbert Lockyer, she may have acted out of practical necessity. Sisera was in flight and Barak in pursuit. It would not have been wise to allow Barak to find Sisera in her tent. She also knew that Sisera would be killed if captured, therefore she would kill him and thus cement a friendship with the victor. Biblical commentaries have viewed Jael as either a heroine or someone much less so. Some consider her to be a survivor caught up in her husband's politics.




 The Murder Of Sisera, One Of 

The Major Villains Of The Old Testament


 Now Jael took a stake in her left hand and approached him, saying, "If God will work this sign with me, I know that Sisera will fall into my hands. Behold I will throw him down on the ground from the bed on which he sleeps; and if he does not feel it, I know that he has been handed over." And Jael took Sisera and pushed him onto the ground from the bed. But he did not feel it, because he was very groggy.


And Jael said, "Strengthen in me today, Lord, my arm on account of you and your people and those who hope in you." And Jael took the stake and put it on his temple and struck it with a hammer.

And while he was dying, Sisera said to Jael, "Behold pain has taken hold of me, Jael, and I die like a woman."

And Jael said to him, "Go, boast before your father in hell and tell him that you have fallen into the hands of a woman."

 WHAT LESSONS CAN WE LEARN FROM DEBORAH AND BARAK?

A REFLECTION ABOUT HOPE IN GOD


Trust in God. The Israelites put their complete faith in Yahweh. In return, Yahweh helped them defeat a seemingly invincible enemy and gain valuable territory. This battle, and their unlikely victory over a superior army, gave the Israelite tribes their first access to the fertile and prosperous plain of Esdraelon/Jezreel.

Right can defeat might. Jael's story is similar to the story of David and Goliath. Though she was a weak woman, Jael triumphed over a seemingly invincible warrior, Sisera.


Note: Apart from Deborah, the Judges were hardly role models:
·         Jephthah sacrificed his daughter (Judges 11:29-40)
·         Samson consorted with a prostitute (Judges 16:1)
·         Gideon agreed to the making of a pagan cult object that the Bible calls an 'ephod', but which is clearly different from the breastplate (also called an ephod) worn by priests later in Israel's history, and seems to have been used for seeking oracles (Judges 8:22-28), etc.

Deborah stands out for her wisdom, courage and faith.





Playwright Janet Irene Thomas
Founder/President/CEO
Bible Stories Theatre

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